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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the legal position of crypto assets as intangible movable property that cannot be consumed from the perspective of the Civil Code (KUHPerdata) and its implications for Indonesia's monetary sovereignty. This study uses normative legal research methods with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis was carried out on the provisions of Article 499, Article 503, Article 504, and Article 505 of the Civil Code as well as laws and regulations related to crypto assets, currency, monetary policy, and payment systems. The results of the study show that crypto assets have the characteristics of intangible movable property that cannot be consumed because it has economic value, can be an object of control and transfer, and can give rise to civil rights and obligations. In the development of Indonesian regulations, the regulation and supervision of crypto asset trading is within the domain of the Financial Services Authority, while Bank Indonesia still has the authority to maintain the stability of the Rupiah, implement monetary policies, and regulate and maintain the smooth running of the payment system. Thus, the recognition of crypto assets as civil objects does not necessarily provide a status as a legal tender or monetary instrument. The existence of crypto assets still poses challenges to the effectiveness of monetary control and the use of the Rupiah when used outside the framework set by the state. Therefore, there is a need for regulatory harmonization that is able to provide certainty to the civil status of crypto assets while maintaining Indonesia's monetary sovereignty. In this context, the development of the Digital Rupiah needs to be placed as a policy project of Bank Indonesia that continues to be developed, not as an instrument that has been issued and circulated as a means of payment.

Keywords

Crypto assets Intangible movable property Civil objects Monetary sovereignty Digital rupiah

Article Details

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How to Cite
Mustika, H., Mawardi, D., & Ruhly, M. (2026). THE POSITION OF CRYPTO ASSETS AS CIVIL OBJECTS IN INDONESIA’S MONETARY SOVEREIGNTY. Constitutional Law Society, 5(2), 341–364. https://doi.org/10.36448/jcls.v5i2.151
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