Main Article Content
Abstract
The Reform Era, which began with the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998, marked a shift towards a democratic system of governance. This system is considered suitable for Indonesia’s highly pluralistic society. However, in practice, pluralism often serves merely as a rhetorical slogan to reinforce Indonesia’s national unity. The dominance of fundamentalist groups remains a significant challenge to democracy, as evidenced by various cases, including obstacles to the construction of places of worship, difficulties in civil registration for adherents of Indigenous beliefs, and the requirement for students practicing indigenous faiths to choose an officially recognized religion in the formal education system. Using a conceptual and descriptive approach, this study examines the concept of social justice within Pancasila democracy and explores efforts to achieve it. The findings indicate that social justice in Pancasila democracy is reflected in fulfilling individuals' right to develop their potential and meet their basic needs. This aligns with the national development goals outlined in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution, which aims to promote general welfare and advance national intelligence. Achieving social justice within Pancasila democracy requires collective awareness of the importance of coexistence in diversity. This awareness can be fostered through participatory development models that engage all societal sectors, ensuring that development is not solely the government's responsibility. From a legal perspective, the construction of laws must be oriented towards social integration within Indonesia’s plural society.
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References
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- Desriadi. “Demokrasi Dan Pemerintahan.” Jurnal Siasat 10, no. 1 (2016): 34–44.
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- Mahmud Marzuki. Penelitian Hukum: Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2017.
- Markus Y. Hage. “Kepentingan Ekonomi Dan Komodifikasi Dalam Hukum.” Disertasi, Universitas Diponegoro, 2011.
- Merkel, Wolfgang, and Mirko Krück. “Social Justice and Democracy: Investigating the Link,” 2004.
- Mohamad Sinal. Pancasila: Konsensus Negara-Bangsa Indonesia. Malang: Madani, 2017.
- Mohammad Hatta. Bung Hatta Penegak Demokrasi, Politik & Ekonomi Bangsa Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Idayu, 1980.
- ———. Karya Lengkap Bung Hatta: Buku I Kebangsaan dan Kerakyatan. Cet. 1. Jakarta: Pustaka LP3ES Indonesia, 1998.
- Philippe Van Parijs. “Justice and Democracy: Are They Incompatible?*.” Journal of Political Philosophy 4, no. 2 (June 1996): 101–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9760.1996.tb00044.x.
- Purwanto. “Perwujudan Keadilan Dan Keadilan Sosial Dalam Negara Hukum Indonesia: Perjuangan Yang Tidak Mudah Dioperasionalkan.” JURNAL HUKUM MEDIA BHAKTI 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2020). https://doi.org/10.32501/jhmb.v1i1.2.
- Rahardjo, Satjipto. Membedah Hukum Progresif. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2006.
- Raihul Fadjri. “Tolak Ikut Pelajaran Agama, Siswi SMK Ini Tak Naik Kelas.” Tempo, July 26, 2016. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/790634/tolak-ikut-pelajaran-agama-siswi-smk-ini-tak-naik-kelas.
- Rawls, John. A Tehory of Justice. London: Oxford University Press, 1971.
- Ridwan HR. Hukum Administrasi Negara. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2017.
- Sharath Srinivasan. “No Democracy Without Justice: Political Freedom in Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach.” Journal of Human Development 8, no. 3 (November 2007): 457–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880701462395.
- Soekarno. Dibawah Bendera Revolusi (Jilid I). Jakarta: Yayasan Bung Karno dan Penerbit Media Pressindo, 2019.
- Soerjono Soekanto and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2009.
- Thalib, Dahlan. Pancasila Yuridis Ketatanegaraan. Edisi Revisi. Yogyakarta: UPP AMP YKPN, 1994.
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- Yudi Latif. Negara Paripurna: Historisitas, Rasionalitas, dan Aktualitas Pancasila. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2011
References
A. V. Dicey. Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution. 10th ed. London: Macmillian Education LTD, 1959.
Adnan Buyung Nasution. Demokrasi Konstitusional: Pikiran & Gagasan. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2010.
Airlangga Pribadi Kusman. Merahnya Ajaran Bung Karno: Narasi Pembebasan Ala Indonesia. Cetakan pertama. Teluk Naga: Penerbit GDN, 2023.
Anil Kumar. “Social Justice Through Philosophical Traditions: Outlining The Conceptualisation.” International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews 5, no. 3 (2018).
Ansori. “PENGHILANGAN HAK POLITIK PERSPEKTIF SISTEM DEMOKRASI.” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan 1, no. 1 (June 26, 2016): 7–11. https://doi.org/10.17977/um019v1i12016p007.
Arief Hidayat. “Negara Hukum Berwatak Pancasila.” Makalah presented at the Peningkatan Pemahaman Hak Konstitusional Warga Negara Bagi Asosiasi Dosen Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan (ADPK) & Asosiasi Profesi Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan Indonesia (AP3KnI), Bogor, Agustus 2019.
Budiono Kusumohamidjojo. Teori Hukum DIlema Antara Hukum Dan Kekuasaan. Cetakan I. Bandung: Yrama Widya, 2016.
Dahl, Robert A. On Democracy. New Delhi: Affiliated East-West Ltd, 2001.
David Miller. “Democracy and Social Justice.” British Journal of Political Science 8, no. 1 (January 1978): 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123400001198.
Desriadi. “Demokrasi Dan Pemerintahan.” Jurnal Siasat 10, no. 1 (2016): 34–44.
Dominikus Rato. Filsafat Hukum: Mencari, Menemukan, Dan Memahami Hukum. Cetakan I. Surabaya: LaksBang Justitia, 2010.
Eko Ari Wibowo. “Umat Kristen Sleman Empat Kali Berpindah Tempat - Nasional Tempo.Co.” Tempo.co. Accessed November 16, 2023. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/581839/umat-kristen-sleman-empat-kali-berpindah-tempat.
Franz Magnis Suseno. Etika Politik: Prinsip-Prinsip Moral Dasar Kenegaraan Modern. Cet. 2. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1988.
———. Mencari Sosok Demokrasi, Sebuah Telaah Filosofis. Jakarta: Gramedia, 1997.
Gaffar, Afan. Politik Indonesia: Transisi Menuju Demokrasi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2005.
H. Nihaya M. “Demokrasi Dan Problematikanya Di Indonesia.” Sulesana 10, no. 2 (2016): 35–49.
Hadi Iskandar. “Demokrasi Deliberatif Dan Ruang Publik Politis.” Jurnal Nanggroe 4, no. 3 (2016).
Jimly Asshiddiqie. Konstitusi & Konstitusionalisme Indonesia. Pertama. Jakarta: Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia dan Pusat Studi Hukum Tata Negara Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, 2004.
Kirdi Dipoyudo. Keadilan Sosial: Seri Penghayatan Dan Pengamalan Pancasila I. Jakarta: CV. Rajawali, 1985.
Kompas Cyber Media. “20 Gereja di Aceh Disegel dan Terancam Dibongkar.” KOMPAS.com, June 12, 2012. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2012/06/12/12241130/~Regional~Sumatera.
———. “Ada Diskriminasi Terhadap Siswi Non Muslim di Banyuwangi, Bupati Anas Marah.” KOMPAS.com, July 16, 2017. https://regional.kompas.com/read/2017/07/16/23005061/ada-diskriminasi-terhadap-siswi-non-muslim-di-banyuwangi-bupati-anas-marah.
———. “Dijadikan Gereja, Tujuh Rumah Disegel.” KOMPAS.com, December 12, 2010. https://lifestyle.kompas.com/read/2010/12/12/13573362/~Regional~Jawa.
———. “Kemenag: Aliran Kepercayaan Dibiarkan Hidup, tetapi Pemerintah Tak Beri Servis.” KOMPAS.com, November 10, 2014. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/xml/2014/11/10/17411001/Kemenag.Aliran.Kepercayaan.Dibiarkan.Hidup.tetapi.Pemerintah.Tak.Beri.Servis.
———. “Kisah Penganut Agama Leluhur Batak yang Terasing di Negeri Sendiri.” KOMPAS.com, May 24, 2016. https://regional.kompas.com/read/xml/2016/05/24/08191341/kisah.penganut.agama.leluhur.batak.yang.terasing.di.negeri.sendiri.
———. “Penolakan Tempat Ibadah Bermunculan.” KOMPAS.com, September 21, 2010. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2010/09/21/18332936/~Megapolitan~News.
Kukuh S. Wibowo. “Komnas HAM Terima 97 Laporan Soal Pembangunan Rumah Ibadah.” Tempo, September 10, 2016. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/803307/komnas-ham-terima-97-laporan-soal-pembangunan-rumah-ibadah.
Luthfi J Kurniawan and Hesti Puspitosari. Negara, Civil Society, Dan Demokratisasi Membangun Gerakan Sosial Dan Solidaritas Sosial Dalam Merebut Perubahan. Cetakan Ke-3. Malang: Intrans Publishing, 2016.
Mahmud Marzuki. Penelitian Hukum: Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Kencana, 2017.
Markus Y. Hage. “Kepentingan Ekonomi Dan Komodifikasi Dalam Hukum.” Disertasi, Universitas Diponegoro, 2011.
Merkel, Wolfgang, and Mirko Krück. “Social Justice and Democracy: Investigating the Link,” 2004.
Mohamad Sinal. Pancasila: Konsensus Negara-Bangsa Indonesia. Malang: Madani, 2017.
Mohammad Hatta. Bung Hatta Penegak Demokrasi, Politik & Ekonomi Bangsa Indonesia. Jakarta: Yayasan Idayu, 1980.
———. Karya Lengkap Bung Hatta: Buku I Kebangsaan dan Kerakyatan. Cet. 1. Jakarta: Pustaka LP3ES Indonesia, 1998.
Philippe Van Parijs. “Justice and Democracy: Are They Incompatible?*.” Journal of Political Philosophy 4, no. 2 (June 1996): 101–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9760.1996.tb00044.x.
Purwanto. “Perwujudan Keadilan Dan Keadilan Sosial Dalam Negara Hukum Indonesia: Perjuangan Yang Tidak Mudah Dioperasionalkan.” JURNAL HUKUM MEDIA BHAKTI 1, no. 1 (February 27, 2020). https://doi.org/10.32501/jhmb.v1i1.2.
Rahardjo, Satjipto. Membedah Hukum Progresif. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas, 2006.
Raihul Fadjri. “Tolak Ikut Pelajaran Agama, Siswi SMK Ini Tak Naik Kelas.” Tempo, July 26, 2016. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/790634/tolak-ikut-pelajaran-agama-siswi-smk-ini-tak-naik-kelas.
Rawls, John. A Tehory of Justice. London: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Ridwan HR. Hukum Administrasi Negara. Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada, 2017.
Sharath Srinivasan. “No Democracy Without Justice: Political Freedom in Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach.” Journal of Human Development 8, no. 3 (November 2007): 457–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649880701462395.
Soekarno. Dibawah Bendera Revolusi (Jilid I). Jakarta: Yayasan Bung Karno dan Penerbit Media Pressindo, 2019.
Soerjono Soekanto and Sri Mamudji. Penelitian Hukum Normatif Suatu Tinjauan Singkat. Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 2009.
Thalib, Dahlan. Pancasila Yuridis Ketatanegaraan. Edisi Revisi. Yogyakarta: UPP AMP YKPN, 1994.
Wattimena, Reza A. A. “Demokrasi Menurut Aristoteles (Bagian 1).” Rumah Filsafat (blog), August 15, 2012. https://rumahfilsafat.com/2012/08/15/demokrasi-menurut-aristoteles-bagian-1/.
William G Andrews. Constitutions and Constitutionalism. 3rd ed. New Jersey: Van Nostrand Company, 1968.
Yudi Latif. Negara Paripurna: Historisitas, Rasionalitas, dan Aktualitas Pancasila. Jakarta: Gramedia Pustaka Utama, 2011